Today's New York Times
Magazine has an article
about Mitt Romney, Mormonism, and politics. The the article
doesn't really add much to my knowledge or understanding of Mormons
and politics, but then again I'm a political junkie, and live in
Massachusetts, where Mitt Romney was governor (and where he lived for
30 years, raised his kids, and now slags on as part of his protean
campaign for the Republican nomination).
The article does include one paragraph I found very
thought-provoking:
Still, even among those who respect Mormons personally, it is still
common to hear Mormonism's tenets dismissed as ridiculous. This
attitude is logically indefensible insofar as Mormonism is being
compared with other world religions. There is nothing inherently less
plausible about God's revealing himself to an upstate New York farmer
in the early years of the Republic than to the pharaoh's changeling
grandson in ancient Egypt. But what is driving the tendency to
discount Joseph Smith's revelations is not that they seem less
reasonable than those of Moses; it is that the book containing them is
so new. When it comes to prophecy, antiquity breeds authenticity.
Events in the distant past, we tend to think, occurred in sacred,
mythic time. Not so revelations received during the presidencies of
James Monroe or Andrew Jackson.
I've wondered about this aspect of religion-in-public-life before.
Is there any rational (as opposed to merely rationalized) basis for
mocking the Mormon or Scientologist religious stories (or, for that
matter, those of Heaven's
Gate or other cults) but not those of mainstream Christianity,
Judaism, Islam, Hinduism, and so on?
Full disclosure time: I'm an atheist. I find the
supernatural/theological content of most religions to be bunk. (Aram says I worship the top quark, which is
metaphorically true -- I suppose this makes me a Unitarian physicist.)
I was raised in a fairly standard mainstream Protestant Christian
(Presbyterian, to be exact) household, and to complete the stereotype,
I am a preacher's kid.
I do feel an urge to give a something of a pass to older
religions, at least to the followers thereof who don't take their
founding texts literally. The question is: is this merely
familiarity? Antiquity giving a patina of respectability? Or is it
the actual content? Or something more meta?
It might be the content. Both Mormon and Scientologist "history"
make some fairly silly factual/historical claims (with L. Ron beating
Joseph Smith on the silliness meter, but he had the advantage of being
a science fiction writer). The stories of Jesus of Nazareth are
actually much less miraculous than the stories of Genesis. Don't get
me wrong -- the Christian Gospels are full of miracles, but they're
all relatively small in scale. Raising the dead is pretty amazing,
but it was one guy, not millions. Walking on water is cool, but it's
again, one guy. Loaves and fishes and water into wine? Both
one-time, one-gathering things. And even the Resurrection? One guy,
one-time event. Compared to Moses (parting the Red Sea, Ten
Commandments [all various versions],
plagues, etc.), Jesus' miracles are pretty darn local. ("Think
globally, miracle locally"?) If you take away the miracles (or take
them as metaphor, or whatever), though, there's actually a fair amount
of story left.
Aside: one of the things I find weirdest about
fundamentalist/literalist Christians is how much (i.e. basically all)
of their issues (e.g. with evolution) are from the Old Testament. As
Lewis
Black put it, "it's not their book!".
So maybe it's not the content specifically -- Jesus visiting the
lost tribes of Israel over in North America after the Resurrection, or
Thetans visiting Earth in DC-9-resembling spaceships parked in
volcanoes, aren't all that much crazier than Great Floods or Red Seas
Parting, or the whole Garden of Eden thing. Maybe it's the
literalism. I find Christian Biblical Literalism to be ludicrous in
the abstract and scary in the concrete, and I have similar
responses to both Mormonism and Scientology. (By the way, I do not
consider it coincidental that Romney is running for President fairly
soon after Tom Cruise jumped
the couch. There's nothing like a newer cult/religion to
legitimize a slightly older one by contrast.)
But I think it's more than just literalism vs. metaphor here. I
think it really comes under the heading of presentism.
I guess I consider anything after the Enlightenment to be part of
the modern "now", and wonder how anyone in the modern era could ever
take something like the literal claims of Mormonism or Scientology
seriously. And I'm willing to give a pass to older established
religions because People Back Then were ignorant and superstitious,
lacking Our Modern Perspective.
The only wiggle room I see for getting out of my self-diagnosed
Presentism is to say that since we don't actually know with good
documentary evidence how most of the well-established religions
started, People Back Then might not have taken things as literally as
we assume, while we know a lot about the start of Mormonism and
Scientology, because they're within modern historical (and in the case
of Scientology, living) memory. But I think that's a pretty weak
wiggle.
And since I find literalist adherents of older established
religions to be as silly as literalist Mormons or Scientologists, I
guess that settles it for my position: all religions are full of
historical claims that are deeply sily and at odds with the evidence
of the world. Anyone who takes those claims literally is choosing
willful falsehood over evidence-based science. That's their choice.
It's not what I'd want for myself, and it's certainly not what I want
in a President.